PHENOMENON OF THE HARDINESS: PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES

Abstract

Summary. The article outlines the pedagogical approaches that should be used to develop the hardiness of the individual in the educational space of the university. It is noted that the concept of positive psychology is significantly related to the American professor Martin Seligman. It is noted that positive pedagogy is based on the idea that positive experiences stimulate learning and increase motivation. It is emphasized that positive pedagogy also focuses on identifying the strengths of each student and applying them in the learning process. Attention is focused on the fact that proactive education involves providing education seekers with information in advance to help them prepare for the future avoid problems, and develop resilience caused by lack of communication or knowledge. It is assumed that proactive action helps to instantly react to a problematic situation and to think in advance about how to prevent potential conflicts and how to deal with them if they arise. It is recorded that currently, positive support is an important aspect of positive pedagogy and encourages the participation of education seekers in the educational process. Higher education learners should be actively involved in setting and monitoring their learning goals, and teachers can provide positive reinforcement in the group to encourage desired behaviors. It has been observed that teachers have the ability to significantly influence students’ self-esteem, encouraging learners to try new things, offering support, and recognizing their strengths can help create a positive self-image and maintain high self-esteem. The expediency of considering the issues of studying the hardiness of the individual as a pedagogical problem, using the example of existential pedagogy (or person-oriented learning or student-centeredness), has been updated. It is outlined that a person strengthens his ability to define himself and develops his resilience. It is emphasized that the potential of each student of higher education is revealed through addressing the full spectrum of the individual, even beyond the educational process in the institution of higher education. It is noted that one of the pedagogical approaches, which is expedient to use from a pedagogical point of view to develop the sustainability of students of higher education in the educational space of the university, is the method of project-oriented learning, which involves the design, development and construction by students of higher education of practical solutions to the problem, which allows to develop hardiness.